In the field of migration, women face a double vulnerability due to their gender and migrant status. This reality calls for specialized and personalized attention from professionals in various disciplines, such as social work, health, and psychology, to effectively address their specific needs.

To ensure that future professionals are adequately prepared, it is essential to understand the complexity of the migration phenomenon in relation to women. In this regard, a systematic review has been conducted, analyzing existing scientific literature with the aim of establishing priority support lines in university curricula.

In this article, we will present the results and key findings of this review, which involved the analysis of 63 relevant documents.

Understanding the complexity of the migration phenomenon in women:

Female migration is a complex phenomenon influenced by a variety of interrelated factors. The systematic review examined existing scientific literature to understand the specific experiences and challenges faced by migrant women at different stages of their migration process.

Firstly, vulnerability factors affecting migrant women were identified. These include gender-based violence, labor exploitation, racial and ethnic discrimination, lack of access to adequate healthcare services, and social exclusion. These forms of vulnerability are intertwined and mutually reinforcing, creating an even more adverse environment for migrant women.

Furthermore, the importance of considering specific characteristics of migrant women, such as their ethnic origin, migration status, socioeconomic level, and marital status, was analyzed. These factors can influence how migrant women experience migration and face particular challenges. For example, undocumented migrant women may have limited access to basic services, increasing their vulnerability and hindering their integration into the host society.

The specific support needs of migrant women were also examined in the systematic review. These include culturally sensitive healthcare services, psychological support programs to overcome trauma and experiences of violence, training and employment opportunities, and safe spaces for participation and empowerment. It is crucial for professionals to be trained to address these needs comprehensively and provide adequate support that promotes inclusion and gender equality.

Implications for university curricula and professional development:

The findings of the systematic review have important implications for university curricula in disciplines related to social work, health, and psychology. It is crucial that future professionals are prepared to effectively address the needs of migrant women. The following are some key recommendations to incorporate into curricula and promote professional development in this field:

1. Integration of a gender and migration perspective: Curricula should include modules or subjects specifically addressing the intersection between gender and migration. This will help future professionals understand the complexities and particular challenges faced by migrant women, as well as develop gender-sensitive skills to address these issues in their practice.
2. Focus on culture and diversity: Cultural diversity is a key aspect in working with migrant women. Curricula should incorporate content related to cultural diversity and intercultural sensitivity. This involves fostering understanding and respect for different cultures and practices, as well as promoting strategies to adapt services and care to the specific needs of migrant women from different cultural backgrounds.
3. Development of interdisciplinary skills: Addressing the needs of migrant women requires an interdisciplinary perspective and collaboration among professionals from different fields. Curricula should foster collaboration and teamwork among professionals from various disciplines, such as social work, health, and psychology. This will help provide comprehensive and holistic support to migrant women, addressing their physical, emotional, and social needs.
4. Practical experience and case-based learning: It is essential for curricula to include opportunities for practical experience and real case-based learning. Students should have the opportunity to work directly with migrant women, under the supervision and guidance of experienced professionals. This will allow them to apply theoretical knowledge acquired and develop practical skills to tackle the specific challenges faced by migrant women in real life.
5. Awareness of human rights and access to justice: Professionals working with migrant women should have a solid understanding of human rights and mechanisms for accessing justice. Curricula should include content related to human rights, international and national legislation, and ways to advocate for the rights of migrant women. This will empower future professionals to advocate for and protect the rights of migrant women in their professional practice.

Conclusion:

The systematic review conducted as part of the 360 REWIN project highlights the importance of understanding the specific needs of migrant women and adequately preparing professionals to address these issues in their practice. University curricula play a crucial role in this process by providing the necessary knowledge and skills for working with migrant women. By incorporating a gender and migration perspective, fostering intercultural sensitivity, and developing interdisciplinary skills, the quality of services and support provided to migrant women can be improved.

The inclusion of practical experiences and real case-based learning will enable students to gain a deeper understanding of the realities and challenges faced by migrant women in their everyday lives. This will provide them with the necessary skills and tools to offer more effective and empowering support.

Furthermore, it is essential for future professionals to be aware of human rights and mechanisms for accessing justice, as this will enable them to advocate for the rights of migrant women and provide the necessary support to ensure their protection and well-being.

In summary, the systematic review conducted as part of the 360 REWIN project emphasizes the importance of understanding the specific needs of migrant women and adequately preparing professionals to address these issues. University curricula play a crucial role in training competent and sensitive professionals to the needs of migrant women. By integrating a gender and migration perspective, fostering intercultural sensitivity, and developing interdisciplinary skills, progress can be made towards more effective and empowering care for migrant women.

Ultimately, the goal is to ensure that migrant women receive comprehensive and adequate support that allows them to overcome the inequalities and vulnerabilities they face. By implementing the findings and recommendations of this systematic review into university curricula, significant contributions can be made to improving the quality of life and promoting equal opportunities for migrant women in our society.